Fullerene or Buckminsterfullerene (also known as “Buckyballs”), which is composed entirely of 60 carbon (C) atoms, is a kind of molecule that is considered to be the most prominent member of the nano-materials family. Fullerene has been an attractive research topic in the field of nano-materials since 1985, the date when it is first discovered, due to the unique physicochemical properties and biological activities. Carbon 60 (C₆₀) Fullerene (FUL) nanoparticles, prepared through various dissolution and modification methods, exhibit different and distinct biological effects. Carbon 60 (C₆₀) Fullerene (FUL) and some of its derivatives are known to provide effective protection in vivo and in vitro against oxidative stress, without causing acute or subacute toxicity. Carbon 60 (C₆₀) Fullerene (FUL), which has been the subject of numerous studies particularly in recent years, has been proven to have beneficial biological effects as neuro-protectant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and radioprotective agents on the grounds of its unique bio-antioxidant properties that can manifest unexpectedly even at small concentrations and doses.