Cancer is one of the most common and feared diseases of modern society. In recent years, its incidence has been gradually increasing. Studies have concentrated on targeted therapy as a result of the understanding of the molecular characteristics of cancer. The aim of this book is to analyze the literature on new targeted therapeutic approaches to cancers. This book covers areas such as basic science, cancer-specific molecular approaches and signaling pathway, targeted drugs, clinical trials and psychotherapy. Cancer, or multiple stress responses, underlie many human, animal, and plant diseases, and this is an important component of our book content. The range of topics of this book will have a great deal of relevance as cancer-related diseases progress rapidly in the world's environment.