Lipids are the common name given to biomolecules that are insoluble in water and soluble in inorganic solvents. As a result of this definition, they are the compounds with the largest variety with regards to molecular structure and function. Established in 2003 as a multicenter research consortium with the support of the American National Institute of Health (NIH), the Lipid Metabolites And Pathways Strategy has made significant contributions to the identification and quantification of new lipids. Today, the term lipidome is used to refer to all lipids in the structure of a cell, tissue, organ or organism. On the other hand, Lipidomics is a science that studies the lipidome of cells, tissues, organs or organisms on a large scale and develops to reveal the reaction pathways in lipid metabolism. Although lipidomics was seen as a sub-field of metabolomics, which entered the literature for the first time in 2003, over the years, lipid biology has started to be accepted as a separate discipline that brings together biochemistry, analytical chemistry, bioinformatics, physiology and medicine and the number of publications in the literature is increasing rapidly. It is thought that lipids, whose different structural properties have been revealed by lipidomic studies, are involved in many biological processes and play a role in the etiology of many common diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Researchers in both basic and clinical biochemistry have to keep up with innovations in this emerging field and be aware of its potential contribution to the field of health sciences.