The newly established Republic of Turkey has transformed liberalism into "etatism" in the form of the establishment of the industry with state support, and plan, which is similar to the protectionist policies implemented in developed countries. The principle of “etatism” was indeed vital. Because, in a backward country like Turkey, the main problem was to educate the farmer, who maintains the inherited production methods, with modern production techniques, and to develop the transition from the labor-intensive method to the capital-intensive production method. The main issue was to remove the national economy from being based on agriculture to realize economic and social development and to create opportunities for the increasing population to employ apart from agriculture by increasing the division of labor and specialization across the country. With the financing of newly established state banks such as "Etibank" and "Sümerbank", many organizations such as chrome factories, sugar factories, and textile factories, aircraft factories were supported, and a good profit achieving from the sale of chrome to Germany, The Second World War has been a new test of the Turkish Republic and an obstacle to national development. Turkey, which declared its neutrality after the Germans attacked the Soviet Union in 1941, became one of the countries promised protection under the US Lending and Leasing Act on the same date, and military materials and implements of war were sent to Turkey through England Within the scope of Lending and Leasing, 24 US-origin PP-40D Kitty Hawk fighter jets, 57 bombers, and 72 Martin