The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outline a detailed strategy to create a better and more sustainable future for all by 2030. Launched in 2015 and supported by the United Nations as a global non-profit initiative, the SDGs aim to tackle a wide range of global challenges. They consist of 17 interlinked goals, including eradicating poverty, achieving zero hunger, improving health and well-being, ensuring quality education, advancing gender equality, securing clean water and sanitation, providing affordable clean energy, promoting economic growth through decent work, supporting industrialization, reducing inequalities, building sustainable cities, promoting responsible consumption and production, addressing climate change, protecting marine and terrestrial ecosystems, building peace and strengthening institutions through global partnerships.

This study focuses on one of these core SDGs, climate action 13, specifically comparing Morocco and Turkey. Both countries have demonstrated their commitment to sustainable development by participating in high-level voluntary national reviews (Turkey in 2019 and Morocco in 2020). A literature review through Google Scholar reveals a significant growth in research from 2015 to 2023, demonstrating the expansion and diversity of the field. The review includes multilingual sources (French, English and Turkish) to capture regional and linguistic differences.

In the study, water and greenhouse gas data sets obtained from Morocco and Turkey were used and data mining was performed using R programming language.  In this context, the results and graphs obtained by descriptive statistical method are interpreted.