This chapter provides an extensive analysis of the applications, benefits, challenges, and future roles of cloud computing technologies in the healthcare sector. As digitalization accelerates, the healthcare industry undergoes a profound transformation, with cloud computing technologies playing a pivotal role. From centralized storage of electronic health records and AI-driven data analytics to telemedicine applications and personalized healthcare services, cloud computing offers a broad spectrum of innovative solutions that enhance accessibility, speed, and efficiency in healthcare services.

Cloud computing optimizes diagnostic and treatment processes through big data analytics and AI integration while offering significant advantages such as cost savings and flexibility. By enabling healthcare institutions to access patient data in real-time and overcome geographical barriers, these technologies contribute to improving operational processes. However, critical issues such as data security, privacy, and regulatory compliance significantly influence the feasibility of cloud computing in the healthcare sector. In countries like Turkey, where regulations prohibit the transfer of health data abroad, the need for local data centers and security solutions becomes even more pronounced.

This study evaluates the current applications of cloud computing in the healthcare sector through national and international examples. Additionally, it explores future perspectives on integrating cloud computing with emerging technologies such as AI, 5G, and IoT. Particularly in personalized medicine, the use of genetic data analysis and big data methodologies highlights the potential of these technologies to create more patient-centric healthcare services.

In conclusion, cloud computing technologies are driving a revolutionary transformation in both operational and clinical processes within the healthcare sector. For this transformation to succeed, enhanced data security standards, training programs to facilitate healthcare professionals’ adaptation, and supportive legal frameworks are essential. Looking ahead, cloud computing and its integrated technologies are expected to play a crucial role in making healthcare services more reliable, sustainable, and accessible.