Sustainable physiological adaptations are extremely important for maintaining and improving athletes' performance in the long term and reducing the risk of injury. In order to achieve these adaptations, training programmes should be planned with a scientific approach, training periods should be strategically implemented, and nutrition and recovery processes should be optimised. Integration of technological developments into sports enables efficient management of adaptation processes and allows real-time monitoring of athletes' performance data. Innovative approaches such as wearable technologies, artificial intelligence-supported training programmes and virtual reality support the physiological and technical development of athletes, while contributing to the prevention of overload and individualisation of training. Biofeedback and adaptive training techniques help athletes to adjust training intensity and loading accurately by instantly monitoring their physiological responses during training. The combination of these approaches increases the sustainability of athletes' physiological adaptations and allows them to maintain their performance at the highest level in the long term.