Effective leadership is considered an important factor in organizational success. Studies show that organizational success depends on effective leadership and that this is valid for all organizations, including hospitals. Studies show that the roles of leaders working in hospitals are expanding day by day, and therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of leaders in the health field. Effective leaders are people who have the power and ability to guide employees to achieve organizational goals. The effectiveness of leaders working in hospitals depends on their ability to unite healthcare professionals working in different areas of expertise under an intellectual umbrella. Since leaders working in hospitals, which have the largest share in the provision of health services, play a very important role in issues such as the quality of service provided by their organizations, financial and administrative success, maximizing the effectiveness of the leader is a critical issue. Therefore, it is important to examine what types of effective leadership in hospitals can be in the light of current paradigms.