The fact that the Social Studies course includes many fields such as geography, history and citizenship and is a step in the process of raising desired citizens reveals the importance of this course. Therefore, there are many concepts in the Social Studies course content. One of the most important issues in the education and training process is undoubtedly the teaching of concepts. Because the concept makes sense in the human mind and is expressed in words. Social Studies course is a discipline that includes many concepts. Therefore, it is important to identify the concepts in the Social Studies textbook and to conduct studies on them. Based on this situation, the aim of this study is to determine the abstract concepts in the 4th grade Social Studies textbook. The study was designed as a document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The data were analyzed using document analysis technique. The data source of the study is the Primary School Social Studies 4th Grade Textbook published by the Ministry of National Education to be taught in the 4th grade of primary school. After checking the originality of the data obtained, the source was checked and the data obtained were checked. In the following process, the data obtained were checked by the researchers and the data were tabulated. As a result of the study, the total number of abstract concepts in the primary school Social Studies 4th grade textbook was determined as 167, and the total number of abstract concepts in the units was determined as 228. Looking at the abstract concepts of the units according to the subject areas, the highest number of abstract concepts was found in the field of Civics, followed by History, Other Fields and Geography. In this direction, it was suggested that the number of abstract concepts should be reduced, since students at the 4th grade level of primary school are in the concrete period, which would make learning difficult and even cause misconceptions.