The institutional development of health services in Turkey has taken important steps over time and has been supported by various reforms. Turkey has made significant changes in the health sector with the Health Transformation Programme launched in 2003. This programme includes objectives such as strengthening the health infrastructure, increasing the accessibility of health services and improving their quality. Within the scope of the Health Transformation Programme, the Family Medicine System was put into practice. With this system, a family physician was assigned to each individual and personalised health services were provided. In Turkey, co-operation between the public and private sectors plays an important role in health services. Private health institutions such as private hospitals, polyclinics and laboratories offer a wide range of health services. Information technologies have played a major role in the institutional development of health services. Technological innovations such as access to health services through e-Government, electronic prescription applications and health information systems have made the health sector more effective. The Ministry of Health has made various changes in the organisation and management of hospitals. It is aimed to increase coordination between public hospitals and health units. Various programmes have been implemented to increase the number of staff in the health sector and to raise training standards. This is a step towards improving the quality of health services. In addition, regulations have been made in the pharmaceutical and medical device sector in Turkey, increasing the reliability and effectiveness of these products. Inspection of medicines and devices used in health services has been strengthened. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, various steps have been taken in preparations for the health system and pandemic management. Emergency planning and infrastructure strengthening gained importance. These elements reflect important developments in the institutional development of health services in Turkey. However, although important steps have been taken, challenges and areas for improvement in the health sector may still exist.