The health and well-being of pets, like humans, depends on their gut microbiota. Providing proper care and a balanced diet for dogs and cats is very important to maintain their health and well-being. However, since microbiota differences can facilitate exposure to pathogens and harmful environmental influences, it is critically important to seek new tools to protect dogs, cats, as well as their human owners, from pathogens. Specific probiotic strains and/or their defined combinations may be useful in dog and cat nutrition, care and treatment. Probiotic supplements have been successful in preventing and treating acute gastroenteritis in pets. In addition, it has been proven that healing can be achieved without the use of antibacterial agents in the treatment of various diseases. New challenges to probiotic applications include maintenance of obesity and overweight, urogenital tract infections, Helicobacter gastritis, and parasitic infections. With new research conducted in recent years, pobiotics are among the promising new tools in protecting the health of dogs and cats.