Medical documentation has an important place in health institutions in terms of storing and protecting data of both the patient and the institution. Effectively kept medical records provide a quality and safe health service to patients and their relatives, while at the same time revealing the professionalism of the institution. A health institution needs an effective medical documentation system in order to optimize the health care provided and to provide quality health care. This study is designed to emphasize the importance of medical documentation in health institutions and to investigate what needs to be done to reach better quality and effective health services. In the study, the development process of medical documentation was explained, and information was given about the trainings given and the medical records that should be kept. The importance of organizing medical documentation in an electronic environment and the electronic medical record system are explained, and the advantages and disadvantages of the electronic medical record system used in health institutions are discussed. As a result of the literature review, it has been discussed in which aspects medical documentation affects health institutions and what should be done for more effective and quality health services.