Nasal Anatomy
Chapter from the book:
Özdaş,
T.
(ed.)
2023.
Ear Nose Throat Diseases Review.
Synopsis
The nose generally consists of 3 components: skin, supporting tissues and nasal skeleton.
Nasal anatomy can be examined in two separate sections. External nasal anatomy consists of skin-soft tissue and osseocartilaginous roof. The nasal septum and structures in the lateral nasal wall form the internal nasal anatomy.
The structure covering the nasal bone and cartilage skeleton consists of the following structures from the outside to the inside: Epidermis, dermis (hair roots, sebaceous glands), connective tissue containing vessels and nerves, superficial adipose tissue, fibromuscular layer (SMAS), deep fat tissue Periosteum/perichondrium
Osseocartilaginous roof; It consists of the frontal process of the maxilla, nasal bones and upper lateral cartilages (ULC), and anterior septum.
The nostril (ostium externa, nostril,) is formed by the rim, the lateral edge of the columella, the tip of the medial crus, and the nostril threshold. Nostril shapes may show racial differences. While it is more rounded in African people, it has an oblique axis and ellipsoidal structure in white people.
The arterial supply of the nasal pyramid is provided by both the internal carotid and the external carotid. The nasal cavity is supplied with blood from the internal and external carotid arteries, similar to the blood supply of the external nasal pyramid.
Nasal skin sensory innervation is provided by the maxillary and ophthalmic branches of the trigeminal nerve.
Sensory innervation of the radix skin, the upper part of the lateral wall of the nose, and the rhinion region is provided by the supratrochlear and infratrochlear branches of the ophthalmic nerve. The sensory innervation of the nasal cavity is mainly by the maxillary nerve, which is the second branch of the trigeminal nerve