Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining and improving cardiovascular health. Regular exercise reduces the risk of hypertension by lowering blood pressure, improves blood lipid profiles and contributes to diabetes prevention by increasing insulin sensitivity. It also improves the efficiency of the cardiovascular system, reducing arterial stiffness and lowering the risk of heart failure. Aerobic exercise increases vasodilatory capacity, while resistance exercises strengthen cardiac endurance. The anti-inflammatory effects of physical activity slow the development of atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of heart attack. However, excessive and uncontrolled exercise programs can lead to heart rhythm disturbances and sudden cardiac events. In conclusion, regular and balanced physical activity is recognized as a critical lifestyle component for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing chronic diseases.