The aim of this study was to examine the problems caused by doping and genetic tests in sports. Studies registered in Web of Science, Pubmed, Pubmed-Central and Google Scholar internet search engines were examined in the current research. The use of doping in sports is becoming an increasingly important issue. Doping is the process of artificially enhancing performance once or continuously. These practices are performed with traditional and genetic origin nowadays. The doping substances may cause irreversible health problems for athletes. Despite the great harms caused by the use of doping, there are serious increases in the use of these substances. This may have been the result of the sport becoming a major industry over time. The Human Genome Project has undertaken an important mission in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, this may have led to some abuses. These are gene doping, the prevalence of which has increased recently, and genetic tests to determine the sports branch. Although genetic testing provides many benefits to human health, it may cause an important problem such as genetic discrimination. However, the correct use of genetic tests may make serious contributions to athlete health. Interest in both doping use and genetic testing is increasing nowadays. The consequences of being the best in sports on athlete health are also concerned. As a result, raising awareness of sports stakeholders and thinking of sports for health may be an important step in solving the problem. On the contrary, sports will turn into a phenomenon that serves different purposes and will be used as a means of superiority among people.