The 19th and 20th centuries are known as the most brilliant periods of history in terms of Turkology research. Historical, archaeological, literary, folkloric, mythological, etc. researches and discoveries about Turks in many different geographies of the world have led to an increase in the importance given to the science of Turkology. In addition to these discoveries, the Turkish Language and Turkish History Institutions, which were established to establish the national existence of the young Republic of Turkey and to strengthen the nation-state structure, both followed the Turcology researches in the world and were instrumental in establishing an unbreakable bond between the researchers and the Republic of Turkey. Turcology studies in the world progress with the research and examination of Turkish language, history and culture, as well as issues related to many academic disciplines. The relations established by other nations with the Turks, the political, economic or social reasons in the historical process and their results have directly or indirectly affected Turkology research. When we look at these influences, it will be seen that Turkology studies are interrupted from time to time. Today, it is known that the importance given to Turkology has gradually decreased compared to the XXth century. In this study, considering this situation, it is aimed to reveal cultural and scientific accumulation within scientific criteria in the fields of Turkish language, Turkish literature, linguistics, Turkish history, Turkish culture and Turkic peoples. In the book, the language and culture of the Turkic peoples, the Turkish minstrel tradition, Turkish proverbs and the understanding of medical folklore of the Turks, prepared by academicians who are experts in their fields, are discussed. We hope that these studies will bring a different perspective to Turkish culture and Turkology research.