The Maveraünnehir region, historically recognized for its special status, is known as the area between the Seyhun and Ceyhun rivers. Its significance due to productivity, strategic location, and wealth has attracted people throughout history. However, this productivity and attractiveness have diminished over time. With the onset of the Little Ice Age, which ravaged Europe between 1300 and 1850, the Maveraünnehir region experienced drought and decreased productivity. Additionally, internal turmoil contributed to the decline of the region’s agricultural importance. The climatic changes in the Maveraünnehir region before and after the Little Ice Age have been discussed based on the climatic conditions mentioned in the sources from that period. However, there is no comprehensive information in the sources about how the climate changes in Maveraünnehir impacted the khanates of that era. This article draws inferences about the effects of the Little Ice Age on the Maveraünnehir region. The study involved first identifying the states established in Maveraünnehir during the Little Ice Age and then reviewing existing research about these states to gather information on climate and its impacts for inclusion in the article.