This chapter examines the historical, epistemological and interdisciplinary importance of scientific illustrations. Scientific illustrations are a communication tool that visually represents scientific information and makes difficult and detailed concepts more understandable. The section presents examples of the use of illustrations in various fields such as anatomy, botany, zoology and the study of microscopic structures. Historically, the development from the Ancient Egyptian and Greek periods to the Renaissance, from the modern period to the innovations of the digital age is discussed.

In the epistemological context, it is emphasized that scientific illustration can produce knowledge not only with text but also through visualization, and that these visuals question the boundary between knowledge and interpretation. The importance of visual narrative forms in many different categories such as medical, astronomical, paleontological and technical illustrations is explained among the types of illustrations.

The section also touches on the digitalization process of scientific illustrations and the impact of new technologies on this field. It is stated that innovations such as augmented reality, 3D modeling and artificial intelligence make illustrations more interactive and accessible. It is anticipated that in the future, interdisciplinary approaches will increase and illustrations will play a broader role in the dissemination and understanding of scientific knowledge.