In exercise science, various training methods have been developed to enhance individuals' physical capacity. Functional training and calisthenic training are two popular exercise types that serve these purposes. This introductory article examines the basic features, application methods, and differences between functional and calisthenic training. Functional training consists of exercises that mimic movements frequently performed in daily life and aim to increase the body's overall functional capacity. This type of training helps individuals perform daily activities more efficiently and safely. It typically includes exercises that work multiple muscle groups simultaneously, thereby improving coordination and balance. For example, exercises like squats and lunges work both the lower body muscles and the core muscles. Functional training can be performed using various equipment such as kettlebells, resistance bands, medicine balls, and TRX. It is also used to enhance the performance of athletes; for instance, football players can improve their performance with functional exercises that mimic movements requiring running, changing direction, and quick reactions. Calisthenic training consists of exercises that use body weight and aim to increase muscle strength, endurance, and flexibility. Since it does not require any equipment, it can be performed anywhere, making it an accessible and practical type of exercise. Movements such as push-ups, pull-ups, and planks form the cornerstone of calisthenic training. Additionally, calisthenic training improves body control and flexibility. Calisthenic exercises like yoga and Pilates enhance muscle flexibility and joint mobility, thereby improving overall health and well-being. In conclusion, functional and calisthenic training are two important exercise types effective in increasing individuals' physical capacity. Functional training aims to improve overall body functions with exercises that mimic daily movements and work multiple muscle groups, while calisthenic training aims to increase muscle strength and endurance with exercises using body weight. The combination of these training types can maximize both functional capacity and muscle strength. We hope this study, aimed at raising awareness for both trainers and athletes, will be beneficial to all stakeholders.