In today's ever-changing world, being one of the main actors of competition rather than adapting to the conditions of competition is one of the issues that organizations focus on. In this context, employees, who are the elements of intellectual capital, are one of the important resources of both public and private sector enterprises in terms of the processes they carry out and customer relations. Being able to benefit from this resource at the highest possible level is worth its weight in gold for organizations. Therefore, the human factor, which is the main subject of the subject, is expected to integrate with the organization in heart and soul. Organizations now need employees who can not only do what is told but also see beyond. At this point, the behaviors of employees who voluntarily do more than their formal role definitions within the organization are defined as organizational citizenship behavior as a result of their activities that increase work performance. Within the scope of this study, this concept, which is quite valuable for organizations, will be defined and its theoretical infrastructure and behavioral background will be revealed. Thus, it is aimed to better understand organizational citizenship behavior and to determine the basic motivations of employees in exhibiting this behavior so that organizations have a roadmap on the subject. The main purpose of the study is to find out why employees who exceed economic contracts and exhibit extra-role behaviors exhibit this behavior? The aim is to get the answer to the question. It is thought that the theoretical study will contribute to the literature with the results it will reveal. In addition, it aims to give organizations an idea about how to encourage employees to exhibit organizational citizenship behavior.