Medical and health sciences play a crucial role in maintaining human health, treating diseases, and improving the quality of life. Organic chemistry, as one of the foundational sciences, is deeply integrated with medicine and health disciplines. By studying the structure, reactions, and biological functions of carbon-based compounds, organic chemistry provides the backbone for numerous medical advancements. One of the most significant contributions of organic chemistry lies in pharmaceutical chemistry, where the design and synthesis of bioactive molecules such as antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, and anti-inflammatory agents have revolutionized clinical practices. Furthermore, organic chemistry plays an essential role in understanding the structural and functional aspects of biomolecules, leading to a deeper comprehension of metabolic processes and disease mechanisms. Nanotechnology and polymer chemistry have also emerged through the integration of organic chemistry into health sciences. For instance, drug delivery systems using nanoparticles and biocompatible polymers have significantly improved treatment efficacy and patient comfort. This section explores the contributions of organic chemistry to medical and health sciences, its importance in drug development processes, and its role in advancing modern treatment methodologies. Future research should focus on interdisciplinary collaboration to further expand the role of organic chemistry in healthcare.