This chapter examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in enhancing long-lasting (permanent) learning in preschool science education. The use of AI in developing scientific thinking skills during early childhood offers numerous advantages, increasing children's engagement with the subject matter and encouraging active participation in learning processes. AI-based tools can be adapted to meet individual learning needs, allowing for the personalization of educational experiences. By providing an interactive and engaging environment, AI applications offer experimental learning opportunities that contribute to long-lasting retention of scientific concepts. The chapter discusses how AI supports children’s cognitive development, problem-solving skills, curiosity, and self-confidence. Particularly in developing problem-solving and analytical thinking, AI technologies equip children with tools to tackle complex problems and think critically. Additionally, the chapter emphasizes the role of teachers in AI-supported learning environments and the pedagogical knowledge required for the effective use of these technologies. Moreover, ethical and safety considerations surrounding AI technologies in early childhood education are explored. Ensuring children's data privacy and digital safety is essential for the broader acceptance and application of AI in educational contexts. In this regard, the chapter provides recommendations for the safe and effective implementation of AI in education and presents projections on the potential future impact of this technology on educational practices.