Tourism is a multifaceted sector that has a direct impact on many economic areas such as economic growth, employment, foreign exchange earnings and regional development. Economic science is a social field that examines how society decides what, how and for whom to produce. Tourism economics, which emphasizes the elements that the tourism sector is related to economic science, is a discipline that explains the importance and effects of tourism activities and tourists' preferences on the national economy with cause and effect relationships. In this study, the economic contributions of the tourism sector on tourism-based economies such as Turkey are explained, and the effects of the tourism sector on key economic issues of great importance such as maintaining macroeconomic stability, improving the balance of payments and ensuring regional development are emphasized. In addition, the monetary effects of tourism and the importance of the tourism sector in the economic system are explained.