Health literacy encompasses the ability of individuals to access, understand, evaluate and use health information and plays an important role in health protection and promotion. Globally, low health literacy limits understanding of treatment modalities and access to preventive health services, increasing the incidence of chronic diseases and health expenditures. The fact that 7 out of 10 people in Turkey have inadequate health literacy levels necessitates urgent action plans in this regard. Prenatal health literacy increases women's access to information during pregnancy and improves pregnancy follow-up, medication use and healthy living behaviors. Women with low health literacy are less likely to make informed decisions in prenatal services. Natal health literacy shows that lack of information about the birth process increases fear and stress, leading to higher cesarean section rates. Education and professional support during labor help women cope with labor pain and have a positive birth experience. Postnatal health literacy supports the mother's access to accurate information to care for herself and meet the needs of the newborn after birth. In addition, it strengthens effective decision-making skills by increasing the level of knowledge about contraception and family planning. In conclusion, education and awareness-raising efforts to increase health literacy can have positive effects on both maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The role of health professionals is to strengthen informed decision-making by providing individualized support to women in this process.