One of the main objectives of education systems is to develop students' critical thinking and analytical questioning skills. In this context, the Socratic Seminar Technique, which has survived from antiquity to the present day, stands out as a unique and effective methodology among pedagogical approaches. In this work, the epistemological foundations, methodological framework and applications of this technique in modern education systems are discussed with a systematic approach.

Our study consists of five main chapters covering the historical development, theoretical background and practical applications of the Socratic Seminar Technique. In the first part, the epistemological foundations of Socrates' philosophical approach and their reflections on the philosophy of education are examined. In the second part, the methodological framework and application principles of the technique are discussed in detail. The third section focuses on the applications of the technique in modern education systems and its pedagogical effects. In the fourth section, the effects of the technique on student achievement and cognitive development are evaluated in the light of empirical research. In the last section, recommendations and implementation strategies for the dissemination of the technique in educational systems are presented.

In the preparation of this work, national and international literature has been extensively utilised and current research findings and case studies have been evaluated with a systematic approach. It is aimed to provide theoretical and practical contributions to academicians, educational administrators and teachers working in the field of educational sciences.