Investigation of The Relationship between Social Exclusion and Social Media Addiction Levels of High School Students Actively Engaged in Sports (Manisa Province Example)
Synopsis
This research aimed to examine the relationship between social exclusion and social media addiction levels among secondary school students engaged in active sports. A total of 244 athletes participated in the study, including 126 females and 118 males receiving secondary education. While 119 athletes were involved in individual sports, 125 were engaged in team sports. The research utilized a demographic information form prepared by the researcher for participants' demographic details, the "Adolescent Social Exclusion (Ostracism) Scale (ESDÖ)" developed by Gilman et al. (2013) and adapted into Turkish by Akın, Uysal, and Akın (2016), and the "Adolescent Social Media Addiction Scale (ESMBÖ)" developed by Orbatu, Eliaçık, Alaygut, Hortu, Demirçelik, Bolat, Elmalı, and Helvacı (2020). The study employed the relational survey model from quantitative research methods. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 26.0 Statistics Package Program. Cronbach's Alpha was used for the reliability analysis of the scales, and Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to examine the relationship between scales and their sub-dimensions. Independent Sample T-test was employed to compare scale scores with gender and sports branch variables of active high school students participating in the research. One-Way ANOVA Test was used to compare scale scores with variables such as licensed sports year, class, type of high school, overall GPA, mother's education level, mother's occupation, father's education level, and father's occupation. According to the descriptive statistical findings related to the scales and their sub-dimensions; the general score of the Social Exclusion Scale, the neglect sub-dimension of the Social Exclusion Scale in adolescents, and the preference for virtual life sub-dimension scores of the Social Media Addiction Scale in adolescents are low; The exclusion sub-dimension of the Social Exclusion Scale in adolescents, the general score of the Social Media Addiction Scale in adolescents, and the scores of the impairment in functionality and virtual pleasure sub- dimensions of the Social Media Addiction Scale in adolescents are observed to be moderate. When looking at the gender variable; While there is a difference in favor of females in the general score and sub-dimensions of the Social Media Addiction Scale in adolescents, no significant difference was found in the general score and sub-dimensions of the Social Exclusion Scale in adolescents. When examining the grade level variable; While the general score of the Social Exclusion Scale is higher in 10th graders, it is found that the scores of 11th-grade students are significantly higher than 9th-grade students in the preference for virtual life sub-dimension of the Social Media Addiction Scale; However, no significant difference was found in the sub-dimensions of the Social Exclusion Scale, the general score of the Social Media Addiction Scale, and the sub-dimensions of virtual pleasure and impairment in functionality in adolescents. When looking at the general grade point average variable; It is observed that students with low and moderate general grade point averages have higher scores on the preference for virtual life and impairment in functionality sub- dimensions of the Social Media Addiction Scale. However, no significant difference was found in the general score of the Social Media Addiction Scale, impairment in functionality sub-dimension, and the general score and sub-dimensions of the Social Exclusion Scale in adolescents. When examining the mother's occupation variable; While a difference was found in favor of athletes whose mothers are not alive in the exclusion sub-dimension of the Social Exclusion Scale; No significant difference was found in the general score of the Social Exclusion Scale, neglect sub-dimension, general score of the Social Media Addiction Scale, and its sub-dimensions in adolescents. When looking at the father's occupation variable; Only in the virtual pleasure sub-dimension of the Social Media Addiction Scale in adolescents, a difference was found in favor of athletes whose fathers are public servants or work in the private sector. No significant difference was found in the general score and sub- dimensions of the Social Media Addiction Scale and the general score and sub-dimensions of the Social Exclusion Scale in adolescents. In the variables of sports branch, licensed sports year, school type, mother's education level, and father's education level; No significant difference was observed in the general score and sub-dimensions of the Social Exclusion Scale and the general score and sub-dimensions of the Social Media Addiction Scale in adolescents.