The most important basic philosophy in radiation protection is to understand it well and correctly. By understanding this energy correctly, we can both use radiation in a useful and effective way and protect ourselves from its damages.  The use of ionizing radiation in medical imaging and treatments is becoming increasingly widespread with technological developments. With such frequent use, it has caused an increase in the radiation exposure of both the personnel and patients working with radiation and the radiation exposure of the society. Therefore, the correct application of radiation protection principles is important for environmental and public health.

In this section, the basic protection philosophy and principles will be given in order to ensure both effective and correct use of ionising radiation and protection from its damages, and national and international radiation protection rules that should be considered in medical applications will be presented.