One of Russia's colonial occupations in the 19th century was Northern Azerbaijan. Russians attempted to invade the region in the 18th century, but Nadir Shah Afshar managed to remove them from the region. As a result of the Qajar-Russian wars in the first 30 years of the 19th century, the historical Azerbaijani lands were officially divided into two, with Northern Azerbaijan belonging to the Russians; Southern Azerbaijan remained under the rule of the Qajars. After capturing Northern Azerbaijan, the Russians began to settle Armenians from Eastern Anatolia and Iran in order to consolidate their dominance in the region. This situation will lead to the occupation of historical Azerbaijani lands by Armenians in the future; It caused ethnic conflicts in the region to begin and the Karabakh Conflict, which has now come to an end.

Russians supported Armenians against Azerbaijani Turks in Northern Azerbaijan, both during the Tsarist-Soviet and post-Soviet independence periods. As a result, in addition to establishing their own state, Armenians also began to claim rights in Nagorno-Karabakh. As a result of the developing events, Armenians occupied Nagorno-Karabakh and the surrounding regions in 1992-1993, with the influence of the political crises in Azerbaijan. The occupation in question inflicted material and moral wounds on the Azerbaijani state and people. We know that the most important of these events are Black January (Qara Yanvar) and Khojaly Genocide.

The loss of Nagorno-Karabakh and the surrounding regions has become Azerbaijan's most important internal and external problem. After the ceasefire signed between Azerbaijan and Armenia, the conflicts in the region did not stop. Due to the impact of the I Karabakh War, Armenians had the psychological advantage in the conflicts in the region. The most important of the Azerbaijan-Armenia conflicts that flared up from time to time until the Karabakh War was the April War in 2016, and with this war, Azerbaijan began to gain psychological superiority. In 2020 with the II Karabakh War, Azerbaijan crushed the Armenian army in Karabakh with the support of Turkey and Israel. What is important here is that the Karabakh Conflict started and continued on ethnic basis and that the II Karabakh War in question continued. The II Karabakh War turned into a Turkey-Russia proxy war. Turkey, trying to be influential in the region, made Russia accept its existence as one of the influential powers in the region, with Azerbaijan, which it supported, saving Karabakh from occupation. In this study, the future of the region was tried to be revealed by researching the history of the Karabakh Problem and Azerbaijan's liberation of the entire Karabakh from occupation.