The properties of nano-sized structures are crucial for the use of materials. By applying different surface modification methods, materials can become functional and increase their biocompatibility. Today, biocompatible nanomaterials, nanodevices, and nanosystems boast popular and innovative approaches for medical applications. Due to the growing interest in future biotechnological applications of nanotechnology, this multidisciplinary branch of science has expanded into medical and biomedical applications, environmental pollution control, cosmetics, optics, textiles, electronics, and more. The most popular and innovative approaches for medical applications are nanomaterials, nanostructures, and nanosystems. Agricultural biotechnology provides researchers with the opportunity to understand and manipulate agriculture and the genetics of all organisms. Similarly, biotechnology offers the opportunity to change different properties of nutrients, such as quantity, strength, and taste. While plant biotechnology aims to improve the productivity and quality of plants and make them resistant to biotic and abiotic stress, animal biotechnology focuses on animal organic genetics, artificial fertilization, embryo transfer, and the development of cheaper and easier diagnosis and treatment methods for animal diseases. This study examines nano-biotechnological applications that contribute to many fields.