Mechanical ventilation is an artificial respiratory support applied to patients in cases of insufficient oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange between arterial blood and cells and deterioration in oxygenation. The devices used for this purpose are called mechanical ventilators. Mechanical ventilation support can be provided noninvasively or invasively (using an endotracheal tube). The need for mechanical ventilation is seen in most patients, especially those receiving treatment and care in the intensive care unit. It is very important for nurses working in intensive care units to be able to meet the follow-up and care needs of patients connected to mechanical ventilation in order to reduce the patient's mortality and morbidity rates. Acute respiratory failure, which is the most important reason for the need for mechanical ventilation; It is used to refer to any situation that causes complete cessation of respiration or insufficiency of oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. Standard criteria for mechanical ventilation application; apnea or absence of breathing, acute respiratory failure, potential for acute respiratory failure, hypoxemic respiratory failure with an increased work of breathing or ineffective breathing pattern. Qualified nursing care of a patient connected to a mechanical ventilator will prevent complications and make it easier for the patient to be weaned off the ventilator.