Smile design is the process of creating an aesthetic smile based on scientific and artistic guidelines created by studies conducted over time, individual perceptions, and cultural and racial standards. Smile design is a dynamic field with changing trends that are planned taking into account facial aesthetics, lip dynamics, pink-white aesthetics and personal characteristics. Dentists must have a global approach about the patient to design an aesthetic smile. Mechanical, biological and psychological factors affecting the smile should be carefully evaluated and an individualized treatment plan should be applied to achieve successful aesthetic results. The aim of this part is to evaluate the factors affecting smile design from the perspective of a periodontologist and to present approaches to the surgical treatment of aesthetic problems.