The agricultural sector plays a significant role in ensuring food supply security for societies and in achieving the economic development of a country. The agricultural sector has a high forward and backward linkage effect, and the changes that occur in it also impact other sectors. Through its forward linkage effect, the agricultural sector provides raw materials and inputs to other sectors, while through its backward linkage effect, it procures intermediate goods from other sectors. Additionally, the agricultural sector contributes to the economy by generating employment, earning foreign exchange through agricultural product exports, and contributing to the national income. It is also known that the country's economic development often starts with the agricultural sector.

The purpose of this study is to examine the agricultural policies implemented in Türkiye over the past hundred years, from the founding of the Republic to the present day. Since the establishment of the Republic, all governments have aimed for self-sufficiency in agricultural production. During the Atatürk era, the sector had a significant weight in the country's economy. In line with this, a target for agricultural production was set at the "İzmir Economic Congress" held in 1923. In Türkiye, state-directed policies were followed in the agricultural sector from 1938 to 1950, and liberal policies were followed from 1950 to 1960. Tractors were imported under the "Marshall Aid" framework in 1948, which led to a rapid increase in agricultural production. The period from 1960 to 1980 adopted a planned development model and pursued import substitution industrialization policies through development plans. This resulted in a certain level of self-sufficiency in the agricultural sector. After 1980, liberal policies were followed, shifting towards export-oriented industrialization policies. With these policies, the country's agriculture opened to the outside world, imports increased, and state-owned agricultural enterprises were privatized. However, domestic producers could not compete with foreign competition, and the production of certain agricultural products began to decline. Therefore, Türkiye became dependent on foreign agricultural products. To increase agricultural production in Türkiye, it is necessary to implement agricultural planning, provide support to increase productivity in agricultural production, restrict agricultural product imports, and enhance the efficiency of existing agricultural public enterprises.

Apart from the introduction and conclusion, this study consists of four sections. Firstly, the agricultural policies implemented in Türkiye from 1923 to 1980 are examined. Then, agricultural policies from 1980 to 2000 are discussed, followed by an exploration of agricultural policies in the period after 2000. Finally, the results of the implemented agricultural support policies are evaluated.