We utilize reading skills, which are established in early childhood, throughout our lives. This skill is crucial not only for academic success but also for our daily routines. Reading acquisition and progress encompass multiple components, allowing for more than simple vocalization of written materials. These components enable meaning-making and the development of life perspectives. These components enable meaning-making and the development of life perspectives. Proficiency in literacy is expected within contemporary educational paradigms. One element of reading development is fluent reading. This concept is sometimes confused with speed reading, but it is important in primary school reading education. It should be properly explained and exemplified in how it can be used. As it is included in the primary school Turkish program, classroom teachers should correctly understand and develop this skill. In this study, emphasis was placed on the importance of fluency in reading instruction and the concept of fluency was examined in detail. Through a literature review, this study first established that reading is a multidimensional process and consists of different components. It was concluded that fluency is a critical component of reading that directly affects reading comprehension. It has been determined that fluent reading comprises accurate reading, reading speed, and prosody subcomponents, which will be explained individually. Additionally, fluent reading is a crucial link between word recognition and comprehension. Various assessment techniques for fluent reading and reading comprehension were examined. Subsequently, numerous methods/strategies were synthesized and exemplified to enhance reading fluency. As a result, it is emphasized that reading fluency is critical for improving students' reading and learning skills. This finding provides evidence that teaching reading fluency supports 21st century skills, and therefore maintains its importance. It was argued that implementing fluent reading strategies should take into account the individual differences among students.