Rubbers are cross-linked polymeric materials that exhibit a high degree of elongation under tensile force and return to their original form/length when the force is removed.

In rubber compound mixtures, different materials are added to impart various properties. These materials are referred to as fillers and additives. In elastomeric materials, in addition to elastomers, different fillers and additives are used to enhance the material's properties.

Substances of very small grain sizes, which are added as dry powder in rubbers, are called fillers. These fillers along with enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of rubbers are also used for the purpose of improving processability, creating cost effective mixtures and for coloring.  Filler materials can be categorized into three types: reinforcing fillers, semi-reinforcing fillers, and inert fillers.

Additives, on the other hand, are substances added in small amounts to rubbers to provide certain properties. These additives can be categorized as follows; vulcanization agents (accelerators, activators, retardants), plasticizers (oils), process facilitators (hydrocarbons, fatty acids, synthetic resins), driers (organic thio mixtures), anti-degradants and preservatives (anti ozonate, antioxidant), blowing agents, colorants (pigments), fragrances and special-purpose additives.

Almost all the machine parts made of natural or synthetic rubber are obtained by vulcanizing organic and inorganic materials after mixing them with crushed and gummed elastomers.

The manufacturing of rubber materials takes place in two stages. In the first stage, a mixture is prepared according to a certain formulation. The next step involves shaping the mixture through the processes such as extrusion, calendaring and coating. The process is completed with the vulcanization process. In some materials, finishing processes are performed after vulcanization, since the process takes a shorter time.

In this study, the properties and effects of additives used in rubber-based elastomers were investigated.